Alprazolam, commonly known by the brand name Xanax, is a prescription medication used primarily to treat anxiety disorders, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and panic disorders. It belongs to a class of medications known as benzodiazepines, which act on the brain and central nervous system to produce a calming effect.

Alprazolam works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a natural chemical in the body that slows down brain activity. This helps reduce feelings of nervousness, tension, and fear, allowing users to feel more relaxed and in control.

Because of its fast onset of action, Alprazolam is often used for acute anxiety episodes, panic attacks, or short-term relief from severe stress. It typically begins working within 30 minutes to an hour after ingestion and can last for several hours.